Prepartum vaginal prolapse in a 7 month pregnant buffalo.-To view this image in full size go to the IVIS website at. However, data analysis at our University buffalo farm revealed zero incidence of prepartal cervico-vaginal prolapse during a ten year period (2001-2011) involving 529 calvings of the Surti buffalo. Mishra recorded only three cases of vaginal prolapse during a five year period at a University farm at Jabalpur. In most of these studies the incidence of vaginal prolapse reported has been calculated from actual cases attended and not as a percentage of total calvings. Prepartum vaginal prolapse has been reported to be more common compared to postpartum prolapse in water buffaloes as reported for Murrah, Surti, Nili Ravi, Nepali, Italian and Egyptian water buffaloes. The incidence of prepartum cervico-vaginal prolapse has been described to be higher (3-13%) in water buffalo. Cervico-vaginal prolapse is less common in water buffalo compared to the vaginal prolapse. Prepartum vaginal prolapse is by far the most common maternal gestational complication in the water buffalo. The basic cause appears to be the weakening or relaxation of the constrictor vestibuli muscle and atony of the vaginal musculature. Rarely, the entire vagina and cervix (identifiable by the cervical rings) (Fig. Cervico-vaginal Prolapse Prolapse of the vagina means outward protrusion of the vaginal floor, the lateral walls and a portion of the roof of the vagina through the vulvar lips. The common maternal gestational complications in water buffalo are described. The diagnosis of common complications is easy however, the objective of the therapy remains towards safe completion of gestation or termination of pregnancy when this is not possible. The etiology of many of the maternal complications continues to be poorly described. Bubaline maternal conditions that can be potentially problematic for pregnancy include cervico-vaginal prolapse, uterine torsion, abdominal and diaphragmatic hernia, rupture of the prepubic tendon and prepartum recumbency. Complications during pregnancy may result in economic losses. Periparturient reproductive disorders have an adverse effect on the reproductive performance of water buffaloes.
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